Thermodynamics in chemistry ppt
Thermodynamics in chemistry ppt. 1-18. Second law of thermodynamics: The state of the entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time. COMPLETELY EDITABLE! This 76 slide PowerPoint presentation covers, in detail, all of the following AP chemistry concepts in Thermodynamics: - Definition of thermochemistry. 0. The first law of thermodynamics does not give any information on whether that change of state or the process is at all feasible or not. Nov 17, 2022 · In this PPT have have covered 1. Alternatively, we might be able to do some work on a system and make it produce energy (like spinning the turbines in a power ÐÏ à¡± á> þÿ 5k þÿÿÿþÿÿÿ ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . Number of Views: 6870. to let us know if it violates our terms and conditions. Slide courtesy of NASA. To buy the PowerPoint used in this video please visit my tes shop - https://www. The first law of thermodynamics is an expression of the conservation of energy principle. Dec 9, 2014 · 4) Important laws of physical chemistry (ie. R. Basic concepts of thermodynamics - Download as a PDF or view online for free. Feb 14, 2017 · Thermodynamics (ncert) Feb 14, 2017 • Download as PPTX, PDF •. I have never used PowerPoints in any of my teaching but many subscribers have been asking for them. 0 A C 50 25 Process AB Work: Heat: QAB = ΔUAB = UB – UA = 7480 J – 3740 J=3740J Internal Energy: Thermodynamic Processes. 1 Section 7. Open the file from within PowerPoint, and you will have a fully editable version of the presentation. org Jun 19, 2020 · 4. Chapter 7. Third law of thermodynamics: According to equation (6), ∆𝐶 𝑃tends to approach zero at 0K. The behavior of these quantities is governed by the four laws of thermodynamics, which convey a quantitative description using measurable macroscopic physical quantities Welcome to Mrs. In the previous lecture, we only considered the. 11th Chemistry PowerPoint Presentation Materials (PPT) Mr. 0/5. mass flows associated with chemical reaction. is a general principle which places constraints upon : • The direction of heat transfer • The attainable efficiencies of heat engines. This total amount of energy is enthalpy. ride air currents (wind or thermal. 2: Entropy. 4. 1 Entropy Sections 8. This resource includes alignment with the AP Chemistry Curriculum Framework. Resource type: Lesson (complete) File previews. Jan 30, 2023 · ΔSuniv = nRTlnV2 V1 T > 0. VeeramanikandanM1. SincedS=1 T dE(at xedVandN),itmightseemlikeanychangeinenergy,fromheatorwork wouldresultinachangeinentropy. 1. Systems can be open, closed, or isolated depending on energy/matter exchange. Kinetics • Kinetics Domain • Rate of a reaction depends on the pathway from reactants to products. Age range: 16+. Chemical thermodynamics - Download as a PDF or view online for free. Mar 20, 2015 · Thermodynamics ppt. 6. ofsystemscomposedofNpar-ticles(atoms . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; ~ 0 4 Jan 4, 2018 · Chemical thermodynamics. lowering of vapour pressure, phase rule, distribution law) can be derived from the law of thermodynamic. Use these as a supplement to your own class 1. First: also known as Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy can not be created or destroyed; it can only be redistributed or changed from one form to another. The second law also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative. 2 and 8. +962 6 535 5000 | 22888 35. Information about PPT: Thermodynamics covers topics like and PPT: Thermodynamics Example, for NEET 2024 Exam. Ie. In other words, thermodynamics looks at how we can put energy into a system (whether it is a machine or a molecule) and make it do work. Energy transfer across a system boundary due solely to the temperature difference between a system and its surroundings is called heat. www. implications may be visualized in terms of the waterfall analogy. Chapter 3. 1 of 10. Thermochemistry is the study of heat produced or required by chemical reactions. 1 Enthalpy. Sep 18, 2023 · General-Chemistry-2_q4_Chemical-Thermodynamics. 3)Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine in a fixed ratio. 2) Unit 2. We have included lots of editable designs that will help you explain all concepts in a clear way and exercises to put the knowledge into practise! Nov 27, 2019 · 5. Jan 3, 2018 • Download as PPTX, PDF •. The system and its surroundings comprise the universe. Jan 14, 2023 · Laws of Thermodynamics. Presenting this set of slides with name Physical Chemistry Thermodynamics Ppt Powerpoint Presentation Summary Slideshow. If the internal energy of the gas increases by 114 J during the process, what is the total amount of energy Aug 13, 2014 · In this PPT have have covered 1. Chapter 1. xmlÌYÝrâ6 ¾ïLßAãëMø1 „ Ù!$Ùî4! a/z)l š•eW $ô ú,} öÅúI¶Á „e Òm. - Properties of a system include intensive and extensive properties, and specific Oct 7, 2021 · V. Download video. Everything here is in HTML 5 format, which means that these can be viewed on mobile devices. Gandaki Boarding School,Lamachaur-16 Pokhara, Nepal. 2. - Enthalpy of vaporization is the energy required to vaporize 1 mole of a liquid. Here is an overview of what you will find Lecture Notes - PowerPoint presentations including definitions, diagrams, pictures, and sample problems. Basic concepts of Thermodynamics. ppt, 1. J's Chemistry Page! This site is intended to serve as a resource for students and teachers of high school and college general chemistry. 82 likes • 49,486 views. A total of 135 J of work is done on a gaseous refrigerant as it undergoes compression. 1 Thermodynamicsystems Video2 Thermodynamicsisthescienceofmacroscopicsystems,i. - Enthalpy. A system is any part of the universe being studied, separated from its surroundings by a real or imaginary boundary. Chemical Thermodynamics I. ERT 108/3 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS. There are 59 slide Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and temperature, and their relation to energy, entropy, and the physical properties of matter and radiation. Forms of Energy (know the seven types) Energy Conservation (know the basic concept) Concept of Work (expansion and contraction in. University of Windsor. Thermochemistry Energy’ • Can’come’from’avariety’of’sources:’!Light(photochemistry)’!Electricity’(electrochemistry)’!Heat(thermochemistry)’ Nov 14, 2014 · You can’t get out of the game. First Law of Thermodynamics. Chemical Engineering Department | University of Jordan | Amman Tel. Outline This document is useful for NEET , JEE , Class 11 , Grade 9 , Grade 10 , Grade 11 , Grade 12. This document provides an introduction to a thermodynamics course. Honors Chemistry. Dec 7, 2015 · Daltons atomic theory According to Dalton's atomic theory, 1)Matter consists of indivisible atoms. Lecture notes on two-component phase equilibria, ideal solutions, and non-ideal solutions. Pa B 2. AP Chemistry Powerpoints. During a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases. OCW is open and available to the world and is a permanent MIT activity. tes. of DG =G2-G1, the driving force. where ΔSuniv equals zero for a truly reversible process and is greater than zero for an irreversible process. General Chemistry. Chemical Thermodynamics Science of interconversion of energy Heat into other forms of energy Amount of heat gained/released from a system Spontaneity of a reaction Gibbs free energy function Relationship between Gibbs Free Level up on all the skills in this unit and collect up to 500 Mastery points! This unit examines the role of energy in physical and chemical processes. thermodynamics, and shall attempt a bond-graphic. The notes and questions for PPT: Thermodynamics have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. Clausiusarguedthatthisisnottrue:onlyheat owmatters Apr 19, 2019 · Thermodynamics PPT Template includes the topic of the energy stored in the matter or in other words the transformation energy of matter when exposed to work or heat. 2. Topics covered: Thermochemistry. 3) The third law states that the entropy of a system approaches a minimum, zero, as the temperature approaches May 2, 2019 · The first law is expressed as ΔU=Q-W, where ΔU is the change in the internal energy of the system, Q is the heat added to the system, and W is the work done by the system. 54 MB (3713024 bytes) PK ![a& 4 [Content_Types]. The document discusses key concepts from kinetic theory of gases and thermodynamics. The document outlines different types of systems (isolated, closed, open Jun 10, 2017 · This document discusses key concepts in thermodynamics including: - Thermodynamics is the science concerned with energy storage and transformations within a body. 0 A C 50 25 Internal Energy Determine the internal energy of the gas at A, B, and C Thermodynamic Processes. Aug 25, 2014 · Presentation Transcript. 1 Adiabatic Process •. Every substance possesses both potential energy, and kinetic energy from to the constant motion of the particles. Learn about entropy, Gibbs free energy, cell potential, electrolysis, and more. In this lecture, we shall talk about chemical. J. Creative Commons "Sharealike". 0 1. sfponline. Download transcript. Unit 1 ( Basic Concepts of Chemistry and Chemical Calculations) – English Medium – Preview & Download (MAT. 2)All the atoms of a given element have identical properties including identical mass. Is it possible to decrease the temperature to the – PowerPoint PPT presentation. 12, 8. Second Law of Thermodynamics. ∆U=Q-W. It discusses various concepts in physical chemistry such as thermodynamic systems and properties, the laws of thermodynamics, entropy, Gibbs free energy, and Oct 11, 2012 · Chapter 19 Chemical Thermodynamics - Chemistry, The Central Science, 10th edition Theodore L. Homepage - CMU - Carnegie Mellon University AP Chemistry follows the CED from the College Board. Slides: 29. 1-6. This topic is use full for those students who want to study basic thermodynamics as a part of their University syllabus. Thermodynamics • Thermodynamics is. Slide courtesy of. May 24, 2019 · A thermodynamic system is one that interacts and exchanges energy with the area around it (transformation of energy). Practice what you’ve learned and study for the AP Chemistry exam with more than 55 AP-aligned questions. Unit 6 is devoted to Thermodynamics, with 9 total subunits (6. The topics discussed in these slides are Physical Chemistry Thermodynamics. Presentation transcript: 1 Thermodynamics 1. ) Unit 1. - Enthalpy of fusion/melting is the energy required to melt 1 mole of a solid. Read more. Thermodynamics the study of heat in motion. Energy cycles are special representations of enthalpy changes for ionic compounds using the principles of Hess's Law. It may be interpreted as a measure of the dispersal or distribution of matter and/or energy in a system, and it is often described or a reaction to occur, the thermodynamics must be must be fast enough (small DGa). Spontaneous Change Section 8. Sep 11, 2015 · In this PPT have have covered 1. Entropy is a measure of the randomness or messiness of a system. 8 Gibbs Free Energy Sections 8. Systems can be isolated, closed, or open. 1 Enthalpy Enthalpy is the heat content of a system, or the amount of energy within a substance, both kinetic and potential. Learn about heat transfer, calorimetry, enthalpy of reaction, Hess’s law, and more. 1. Thermodynamics vs. The second law of thermodynamics Aug 18, 2018 · 1. , The chemical energy Jul 2, 2015 · Chapter 6 thermodynamics class 11 cbse. 3rd Law of Thermodynamics Dynamics motion. 1) 1 Lecture 2 The First Law of Thermodynamics (Ch. Lecture 1: Introduction and scope. It does not bother about time factor. Matter and Energy ( Calorimetry ) (Ch. Defining Thermodynamic Terms. Level up on all the skills in this unit and collect up to 600 Mastery points! The unit connects the areas of kinetics, thermodynamics, equilibrium, and electrochemistry. 59 MB. Practice what you’ve learned and study for the AP Chemistry exam with more than 70 AP-aligned The AP PowerPoints are a relatively new feature, first introduced during the 2019-20 academic year. This means that at absolute zero, the heat capacities of products and reactants in solid state are identical. 218219) Nov 20, 2014 · Presentation Transcript. Atomic Structure ( Light ) (Filling Order) Sep 18, 2011 · Chemical energetic. Chapter 4 The First Law of Thermodynamics. barry allen. Introduction to Chemistry ( Safety Rules ) ( Equip . It then outlines Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution and PowerPoint presentation slides: Presenting this set of slides with name Thermodynamics Chemistry Ppt Powerpoint Presentation Slides Deck. 218218) Unit 2 ( Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom) – English Medium – Preview & Download (MAT. - Stoichiometry with enthalpy including problem calculations. Energy can cross the boundaries of a closed system in the form of heat or work. 1 Process Terminology •. 1 of 21. Prepared by: Pn. 2 2. ; and Bruce E. Description: Third Law of Thermodynamics If increasing temperature increases entropy, then the opposite should be true also. A. Now it’s time to pass it from our designers to you. 26. 7. Chapter 6. Nov 13, 2022 · Chemical Thermodynamics. Jul 23, 2014 · ERT 108/3 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS. DIRECTION OF CHANGE:- The second law of thermodynamics asserts that processes occur Apr 28, 2024 · 19. B. Oct 27, 2022 · 16. • Thermodynamics tells us whether a reaction is spontaneous based only At 1 atm pressure, the latent heat of fusion of water is 333. 74/5 Rating. For people who want the original PowerPoint file, you can download the PowerPoint Slide Show (. 9)This powerpoint and guided notes bundle includes the topics included by the CED for each of those subunits, plus a 1 page slide reviewing preliminary information. Outside the system are its surroundings. Since the PowerPoints first arrived during 2019-20, they have only ever been produced for the 9 UNIT organization. I ppt/slides/slide1. com/teaching-resources/shop/ 5 First Law of Thermodynamics. The quantum theory, as applied to Syllabus & Lecture Notes for Thermo I (chapters 1-6) (The Lecture Notes for Thermo II will be posted in the future) Chapter 1. Instructor/speaker: Moungi Bawendi, Keith Nelson. Nov 30, 2017 · The Second Law of Thermodynamics The entropy of the universe increases in any spontaneous process. Introduction According to British. The overall enthalpy of the reaction will change if the increase in the enthalpy of products and reactants is different. Document Description: PPT: Thermodynamics for NEET 2024 is part of Physics Class 11 preparation. ms-powerpoint, 3. Basic thermodynamics definition 2. Title: Third Law of Thermodynamics. Chemical Thermodynamics • The chemistry that deals with energy exchange, entropy, and the spontaneity of a chemical process. 15: Thermodynamics- Entropy; 4. Thermodynamics Lecture Slides. Jan 28, 2022 · Page 2 : Thermodynamics , The branch of science which deals with the quantitative relationship between heat and other forms of energies is called thermodynamics, For example,, Chemical energy stored by molecules can be released as heat during chemical reactions when a fuel like methane, cooking gas or coal burns in air. Limitations of Thermodynamics:- 1) Thermodynamics does not gives information regarding the rates of physical or chemical process. anwesakar. 17: Entropy Changes in Chemical Reactions Changes in internal energy, that are not accompanied by a temperature change, might reflect changes in the entropy of the system. 3K Views. It defines thermodynamics as the science dealing with heat, work, and their relation to properties of matter and energy change. However, these masses also carry volume. In a related lesson plan, Hess’s Law Application , students determine the value of DH of an unknown reaction through laboratory data collection using calorimetry and overheads pdf. In general, enthalpy of any substance increases with temperature, which means both the products and the reactants' enthalpies increase. Download now and impress your audience. This explains macroscopic gas properties like pressure. The document outlines the four laws of thermodynamics and describes the zeroth law regarding thermal equilibrium, the first law regarding TOPICS 5 th EDITION 4 th EDITION . Eugene LeMay, Jr. Chemical energetic - Download as a PDF or view online for free. Jan 11, 2018 · Entropy Powerpoint. Qualitative Statements: Second Law of Thermodynamics • The First Law of Thermodynamics. This document defines key thermodynamic terms and concepts: - A system is the part of the universe being studied, with the surroundings making up the rest. ˆŒ ΟÎùÎ9âüãS$È‚) Title: Lecture 2 The First Law of Thermodynamics (Ch. - A system, its surroundings and boundaries are defined. The 2nd law of thermoD. - Exothermic versus endothermic reactions. Thermodynamics • Thermodynamics • study of energy and its transformations • heat and energy flow • Helps determine natural direction of reactions • Allows us to predict if a chemical process will occur under a given set of conditions • Organized around three fundamental laws of nature Feb 14, 2010 · The document summarizes the four laws of thermodynamics: 1) The first law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed in form. Jan 30, 2023 · Thermodynamics is the study of the relationship between heat (or energy) and work. systems. heat added to it. 5 kJ/kg. 13, and 8. ΔU = Q + W ΔU is the change in internal energy of the system, Q is the heat added to the system, and W is the work added to the system Q is Laws of Thermodynamics. Chapter 9 Jul 21, 2014 · Pa B 2. MIT OpenCourseWare is a web based publication of virtually all MIT course content. Entropy (S) is a state function whose value increases with an increase in the number of available microstates. 7 kJ/kg and the latent heat of vaporization is 2256. Lecture 2: System, state properties; working with units. The first law of thermodynamics is a form of conservation of energy which takes into account a system’s internal energy. If we put the two equations for ΔSuniv together for both types of processes, we are left with the second law of thermodynamics, ΔSuniv = ΔSsys + ΔSsurr ≥ 0. The Atom can reduce his size and mass so as to. Entropy (S) is a state function that can be related to the number of microstates for a system (the number of ways the system can be arranged) and to the ratio of reversible heat to Kelvin temperature. Abdul Saleem. Aug 21, 2012 · CHEM 160 General Chemistry IILecture PresentationChemical Thermodynamics Chapter 19 Chapter 19. If we know the Δ U and Δ H for a reaction, we can predict the heat of reaction. NO. Thermochemistry. Bookstaver | PowerPoint PPT presentation | free to view There are four laws of thermodynamics; the first, the second, the third, and the zeroth. Enjoy this design about thermodynamics and use these visual slides to teach your students the 4 laws that rule the physical world. Transcript. A self contained powerpoint to cover entropy and the second law of thermodynamics. Avg rating:3. pptx. Chapter 5. Thermodynamics and Chemistry Second Edition Version 10, January 2020 Howard DeVoe Associate Professor of Chemistry Emeritus University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland Chapter 1 Review of basic concepts Video1 1. Atoms of different elements differ in mass. 8 Sections 7. Engineering. Brown; H. The total increase in the thermal energy of a. 2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS:- Heat can not flow itself from cold body to hot body. 2) The second law states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases. system is the sum of the work done on it and the. 3. Properties , cycle, Process 4. It defines thermodynamics as the study of heat and work transfer on a specified system. 19: Thermodynamics- Free Energy Entropy is a thermodynamic function that describes the number of arrangements (positions and/or energy levels) that are available to a system existing in a given state. 4)Chemical reactions involve May 29, 2020 · Complete revision for AQA A Level Chemistry. 0 You can’t win (1st law) • The first law of thermodynamics is an extension of the law of conservation of energy • The change in internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system ΔU = Q - W. It is the second law of thermodynamics which provides the criterion as to the probability of various processes. (Basic concepts & Statements) Engineering. Chemical Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy and Equilibrium Chapter 18 18. - Units of energy. Summary. 15 Feb 15, 2015 · Second law of thermodynamic. A process can Document Description: PPT: Thermodynamics for NEET 2024 is part of Chemistry Class 12 preparation. Jun 22, 2022 · MasterMind CBSE Chapterwise Question Bank Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics Class 12 Term 2 includes MCQs For 2022 Exams Amazon Affiliate Disclaimer: cbsecontent. PowerPoint Presentations. 9 likes • 11,592 views. he behavior of these quantities is governed by the four laws of thermodynamics. com is a part of Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Apr 28, 2017 · 6. Thermodynamics law 3. Hairul Nazirah Abdul Halim. Thermodynamics literally means heat and movement and is the branch of physical chemistry that deals with heat, energy, temperature and the physical properties of matter. the atmosphere) PV Diagrams (origins of an equation for Work) Concept of Internal Energy (know the basic. 18: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions; 4. Derivation of the Process 5. ppt — application/vnd. Sep 18, 2011 •. Document Description: PPT: Thermodynamics for NEET 2024 is part of Chemistry Class 11 preparation. It defines kinetic theory of gases as describing gas as particles in random motion that collide with each other and container walls. Entropy is closely related to probability. The 1st law is stated as “the internal energy of a given system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system”. Physical chemistry. Education. Download now. The topics discussed in these slides are Thermodynamics Chemistry. 12. Subject: Chemistry. A few notes about them. e. Chapter 4. Exothermic and endothermic reaction, energy level diagram, bond energy and calculatution of enthalpy change of reaction. Bursten Chapter 19 Chemical Thermodynamics John D. 5. ppt. Formula for the numericals. 1 like • 4,728 views. Some limitations of the first law are that it does not specify the direction of heat flow or determine if a process is possible. Thermodynamical Processes are taking place throughout the world, even when I am writing this article. • If Suniv <0, the process is nonspontaneous. Top Rankers. Feb 15, 2015 • Download as PPTX, PDF •. Education Technology Business. jslayer. Chapter 2. Getting Started • All. 1 of 7. Lecture 6: Thermochemistry. 1 of 19. Heat Capacity • Quantity of heat required to change the temperature of the system by 1oC (or by 1K) • C Jan 30, 2023 · First Law of Thermodynamics; 2nd Law of Thermodynamics The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time. ppsx). 16 likes • 10,518 views. Second law of thermodynamic - Download as a PDF or view online for free. xml ¢ ( Ì›ßNÛ0 ‡ï'í ªÜNmš¿°‰ÂÅØ®¶ {“œ¶a‰cŦзŸ“¶ PJ[ ë× „cŸãÏMòù ’³‹§" ,¨’YÉ'Ž7 This lesson includes a PowerPoint presentation along with a student activity sheet and answer key. 28 likes • 12,148 views. This document provides an introduction to thermodynamics. First law of thermodynamics: When energy moves into or out of a system, the system’s internal energy changes in accordance with the law of conservation of mass. 21. May 25, 2014 · The document discusses various types of enthalpy changes including: - Standard enthalpy of reaction is the enthalpy change when reactants and products are in their standard states. Classical vs Statistical •. interpretation thereof. 0 You can’t. 16: Standard Entropy; 4. Lecture 3: PVT behavior of pure fluids, PV and PT graphs, Antoine equation, lever rule. 1) Lecture 1 - we introduced macroscopic parameters that describe the state of a thermodynamic system (including temperature), the equation of state f (P,V,T) 0, and linked the internal energy of the ideal gas to its temperature. These give us the aspect as to in what conditions a mass (specifically matter Jan 30, 2023 · Kirchhoff's Law describes the enthalpy of a reaction's variation with temperature changes. 2: Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. This document provides an overview of physical chemistry and its branches, which include thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, and kinetics. For a given system, the greater the number of microstates, the higher the entropy. favorable reaction or process means DG < 0, are at a lower free energy, or more stable, than the "want" to be Aug 12, 2018 · Aug 12, 2018 • Download as PPTX, PDF •. The key concept is that the more ways a particular state can be achieved; the greater is the likelihood (probability) of finding that Jul 10, 2014 · Chapter 6: Thermodynamics Calorimetry and Hess’s Law. A system could be as simple as a block of metal or as complex as a compartment fire. 1 of 13. Suniv = Ssys + Ssurr > 0 • If Suniv > 0, the process is spontaneous. To print or download this file, click the link below: Chapter 6 - Thermochemistry. 2 and 7. Second Law ofThermodynamics Prepared By, Jay Joshi (17MSE005) SSE, PDPU. Calorimetry • Process of measuring quantities of heat • Reactions are carried out in a calorimeter and the changes in temperature equate to changes in energy for the reaction. Rate ∝ (Kinetic factor) × (Thermodynamic factor) refers to DGa, activation energy; while the the driving force. This is a completely editable PowerPoint presentation and is available for immediate download. The 2nd law of thermodynamics is also used to determine the theoretical limits for the performance of mostly used in engineering systems like heat engines and refrigerators. The atmospheric pressure, and thus the boiling temperature of water, decreases with elevation. 6. Sep 18, 2023 • Download as PPTX, PDF •. Thermodynamics is a branch of science concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work. This leads to the suggestion that at absolute zero, all substances have the some heat capacity. zj uk tg fq kg to na rd gu vf